Microsoft earlier this year announced Windows 11 and along with it came the new system requirements which included TPM 2.0. But the real question is What is TPM? What does it do that it made itself a Windows 11 requirement.
What is TPM?
TPM or Trusted Platform Module is a cryptographic key built into a computer for hardware-based security. TPM is integrated into most motherboards or can be added manually to a CPU. All of the modern processors offered by AMD and Intel have TPM integrated.
Uses of TPM
Most of the data that is shared by an individual is unencrypted plain text. TPM uses a mix of software and hardware to protect sensitive data like passwords or encryption keys when they are shared in this unencrypted plain text format.
When a user logs into their PC, a TPM provides a unique code called a "cryptographic key" which searches the computer for unauthorized access and viruses. If no issue is detected the computer starts normally, else the computer will lock down preventing the hackers to gain access.
TPM chips can also be used to provide safe storage of encryption keys, certificates, and passwords for various accounts, which is more secure than a traditional method. These chips are also network-connected which allows companies to share data without the worry of data leak or theft.
Microsoft's wanted to make TPM a major system requirement for Windows 11 as they wanted to provide better security on Windows 11 to prevent hacking, ransomware, and eventually data leak.